Testosterone treatment is a potent anti-inflammatory therapy in female rats after bilateral ovariectomy. More research is needed, but modulating testosterone levels through therapy or lifestyle could offer a promising strategy for improving outcomes in TBI patients. Studies show older men with low testosterone have higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease and impaired cognitive function. More research is now needed to demonstrate whether testosterone therapy produces similar neuroprotective effects in human patients. The testosterone therapy decreased inflammation and oxidative stress in the injured rat brains.
The majority of these strokes are ischemic, and about one-fourth of those fall under cryptogenic stroke with most categorized as embolic strokes of unknown significance (ESUS). Years of Life Lost (YLL) measures the number of years of life lost due to premature death while Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALY) is a measure of disease burden and accounts for years of healthy life lived. Disability due to stroke can lead to significant costs and productivity losses, especially in young populations. Stroke in young adults can not only have a devastating impact on individuals and family but additionally have economic impact.
(B) Average testosterone prescription claims per provider from 2016 to 2019 (6). As illustrated in Figure 1, there has been an increase in the utilization of testosterone supplements across a wide demographic with growth in popularity and public interest in related supplements (1, 2). Testosterone is a steroidal hormone mainly produced by testes in males, and in smaller amounts, by the ovaries or via conversion in adipose tissue in females. Furthermore, we highlight the gaps in research about safety and long-term effects on young patients. Testosterone supplementation has increased in recent years for both treatment of hypogonadism and recreational use. Additionally, it has been shown to increase neurogenic output of excitatory progenitors in human brain organoids 10,11,12. Non-genomic and genomic androgen signaling in CNS.
In the meantime, older men should adopt lifestyle measures to support healthy testosterone levels including strength training, stress management, and nutrition. More research on the long-term efficacy and safety of testosterone therapy is warranted. But the treatment remains controversial given potential side effects like prostate enlargement and cardiovascular disease. Testosterone replacement therapy is increasingly used to address age-related testosterone decline. Interestingly, some research indicates testosterone therapy can improve memory in testosterone-deficient older men. After age 30, men's testosterone levels decrease by about 1 percent each year on average.
Stroke in young adults, testosterone, male enhancement drugs, ischemic stroke, hormone replacement therapy Vigen et al. report an increased risk of ischemic stroke while Sharma et al. conclude normalization of testosterone levels with treatment provided a protective effect against ischemic stroke, and Shores et al. demonstrate no significant risk of ischemic stroke. Table 2 summarizes the available data on effects of testosterone replacement therapy in young adults. Limited data is available to study the effects of various forms of testosterone supplements on specified cardiovascular risk factors.
The authors report that no participants in the exposed group and one participant in the unexposed group developed an acute ischemic stroke during the 16-week study period. Patients included in this study were all men aged ≥45 years with documented low testosterone between January 1995 and August 2017, with TRT utilization defined as transdermal or intramuscular use within 90 days of cohort entry. Cheetham et al. provides a retrospective Californian cohort study of men ≥40 years old with pre-requisite low blood testosterone (median at entry 212 ng/dL, interquartile range 160–253 ng/dL).

性別: 女

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